Alberto Mingardi is Professor of the history of political thought at IULM University in Milan, Italy. He is also Director General of the Italian free-market think tank, Istituto Bruno Leoni. He is a Presidential Scholar in Political Theory at Chapman University and an adjunct fellow at the Cato Institute, USA. He blogs at EconLog. He published critical editions of Thomas Hodgskin, Elie Kedourie, Vilfredo Pareto, and Herbert Spencer.