PART I: THE FRAMEWORK
1 Setting the Stage for Understanding U.S. Foreign Policy
Introduction to U.S. Foreign Policy
What Is Foreign Policy?
Foreign Policy Orientations
Theory and Context
Identifying Themes
Who Makes Foreign Policy, and Why Are Particular Decisions Made?
Who Is Affected by U.S. Foreign Policy Decisions?
Domestic Constituencies
Setting the Stage
Primary Sources

PART II: THE FORMATIVE YEARS
2 Unilateralism to Engagement: The Founding to the End of World War I, 1777–1920
The Beginning
Manifest Destiny, the Monroe Doctrine, and Westward Expansion
Continued Expansion
The Civil War
The Spanish-American War
The Scramble for Concessions
The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
March to World War I
U.S. Involvement in Russia
Domestic Issues: The Executive and Legislative Branches
The Shifting National Interest
Chronology from the Founding to the End of World War I
Selected Primary Sources

3 From Isolationism to Superpower: The Interwar Years through World War II, 1920–1945
Interwar America
Escalation to World War II: 1930–1941
War
The Impact of World War II
The United Nations: Defining the Postwar World
From Isolationism to Engagement
Chronology, 1920–1945
Selected Primary Sources

PART III: THE COLD WAR
4 The Making of a Superpower: The Evolution of U.S. Cold War Policy, 1945–1968
Background of the Cold War
The Early Years of the Cold War
1947: Outlining U.S. Cold War Policy
The Escalation of the Cold War: Berlin to Korea
Eisenhower
The Kennedy Years
Johnson: Vietnam, and the Great Society
The End of the Decade: Changes in U.S. Policy
Chronology, 1946–1968
Selected Primary Sources

5 The Cold War Continued: Nixon through Reagan, 1969–1989
Nixon
Carter
Reagan
The Cold War and Beyond
Chronology, 1969–1988
Selected Primary Sources

PART IV: THE POST–COLD WAR PERIOD
6 The Period of American Hegemony: Bush-Clinton-Bush (1989–2009)
George H. W. Bush and the “New World Order”
The Clinton Years
Rethinking U.S. Foreign Policy under Clinton
George W. Bush: From Election to 9/11
President Bush and Wilsonian Idealism
Chronology 1989–2009
Selected Primary Sources

7 Obama and Trump: 2009 to 2021
President Obama and his Foreign Policy Direction
The Obama Administration in Retrospect
Challenges Facing the Obama Administration
Relations with the Middle East
U.S. Relations with Other Parts of the World under Obama
Other Challenges to the United States under Obama
Obama's Legacy
The Election of Donald Trump
U.S. Foreign Policy Post-Trump
Chronology 2009–present
Selected Primary Sources

8 Biden and Beyond: The Future of U.S. Foreign Policy
The Election of 2020 and the Transition
The Challenges and Threats
U.S. Relations with other Nations
Other Threats
The Future of U.S. Foreign Policy: Returning to First Principles
The Cold War as a Framework for U.S. Foreign Policy
The Actors and the Domestic Balance of Power
Selected Primary Sources