Have students of international relations underplayed the role of religion? Hunter says no, but the resurgence of religion in domestic politics during the past 40 years requires a systematic framework to isolate this impact on foreign policy. The end of the Cold War, the breakup of the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia, and Western intervention in Afghanistan and Iraq have forced many states, old and new, to reshape their national identities—often by recalling a religiously infused past. Cosmopolitan/universalistic ideals retreated as religious conflict and ethnic sorting created new states and political movements. And the competition of non-state actors, ranging from the United Nations, NGOs, and terrorist entities, have especially pressured weak states to shape religiously inflected ideologies to enhance and consolidate their power. Three case studies—Russia’s policy toward the Yugoslav crisis, Turkey’s policy toward the Bosnian War, and European policy toward Turkish membership in the EU—constitute the core of the book. Both Russian and Turkish foreign policy demonstrate the continued centrality of security and national interest in their responses to the Yugoslav breakup. Europe’s resistance to Turkish membership, ironically, is suffused with secularized forms of Christianity.

Summing Up:Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through faculty.

Choice Reviews

Both used and abused, religion is becoming a key paradigm in international relations. Through meticulous research and great clarity, Shireen Hunter dissects the role of religion in global affairs. This book is essential reading for all those wishing to dig into the complex nexus between religion and international politics, which for good and ill has become a defining phenomenon of our age.

Nathalie Tocci, Istituto Affari Internazionali, Rome

Shireen Hunter problematizes some of the conventional assertions in the literature, providing a challenging framework that incorporates state interests, domestic factors, and national identity to address the role of religion in world politics. The three diverse case studies provide an interesting platform to critically reflect on domestic and international factors that affect and shape the scope and limitation of the role of religion. This is a highly instructive and useful book for both students and informed publics.

Mohiaddin Mesbahi, Florida International University

This book is a welcome contribution to the debate about the new visibility of religion in the shaping of international affairs. It offers pragmatic guidelines, relevant definitions, and case studies to take religion fully into account.

François Foret, Université Libre de Bruxelles