Party movements often demonstrate remarkable resilience despite difficult circumstances and poor prospects. Mildred Schwartz provides a penetrating analysis of a wide range of party movements and explains why and how they are able to endure in so many instances. She blends skillful analysis of a range of American and Canadian cases in guiding us into new and important scholarly territory.

Barry G. Rabe, University of Michigan

Mildred Schwartz brilliantly dissects insurgencies inside political parties, applying organizational and social movement theories to explain their unresolved dilemmas, constant struggles, and remarkable resilience. Her skillful mining of historical events for their contemporary relevance makes this book the definitive investigation of party movements in the U.S. and Canada.

David H. Knoke, University of Minnesota

Schwartz's study of the tenacity of party movements in Canada and the U.S. is a focused and thorough examination of the choices made by group actors as they seek to remain relevant and persist in otherwise often historically hostile institutional environments. This book builds on a lifetime of meticulous scholarship on political parties and social movements, and will be of benefit to students who draw comparisons between Canada and the U.S., as well as observers seeking conceptually generalizable insights into the complex and evolving relationship between protest groups and political institutions.

Jeffrey M. Ayres, Saint Michael's College

Mildred Schwartz makes a powerful scholarly statement on the effects of tactics on party movements' persistence over time. A must read for students of U.S. and Canadian politics and social change.

Joseph J. Galaskiewicz, University of Arizona

Mildred Schwartz is the most thoughtful comparative scholar of the U.S. and Canada

John Thompson, historian, retired teacher

Movements don't always end with a bang or a whimper. While it is tempting to call it an end when the peak of protest passes, Mildred Schwartz shows how social movements can continue to advance their struggle by becoming 'party movements' and seeking government office. The route through political institutions is not an easy one, and is marked with difficult dilemmas for activists. Schwartz shows how activists attempt to manage their ongoing campaigns, in and out of mainstream politics, over the long haul. Her account will be essential reading for people interested in parties or social movements, because she eliminates any facile distinctions between them.

David S. Meyer, University of California, Irvine