Khalapyan's examination of Armenian feminist writers narrates the intertwined histories of Ottoman Turks and Armenians. The writers she taps across five languages were central to the rise of Armenian national consciousness in the late Ottoman Empire. A much-needed manuscript in the field, it situates Ottoman Armenian feminism within the broader global movement for women's liberation.

Professor Elyse Semerdjian, Clark University, US

Meticulously researched through Armenian, Turkish, French and Russian sources, this most impressive book
traces the historical emergence of the Armenian women's movement by triangulating Europe (modernity),
the Ottoman Empire (imperial state), and its colonial subjects (Armenian community). The empirical focus on local
dynamics reveals three endeavors that actualize the new emerging Armenian womanhood: i) taking care of the nation
through organized charity and education; ii) campaigning for paid labor and a job market for women; iii) improving
marriage and the family. Theoretically, the author cogently demonstrates how social movements negotiate local,
national and global conditions and how women's movements in particular undergird these negotiations. A must read
for those interested in how women imperial subjects employ their agency to study the intersection of history, modernity, and empire as Ottoman Armenian women do."

Fatma Müge Göçek, Professor, University of Michigan, USA

An important contribution to our understanding of the gender politics permitting Armenian feminists to navigate extremely troubled waters!

Suraiya Faroqhi ,Professor, Ibn Haldun University, Turkey