The Middle East region is one of the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. This book assesses the extent to which there is political and economic space for Middle Eastern states to transition into a sustainable, just and climate resilient future.

The book offers a regional political economy perspective, comparing the hydrocarbon-rich Gulf States with those Arab states in the Mashreq (Levant) and Maghreb (North Africa) lacking matching resources to undertake investments in low-carbon growth and societal-wide climate change adaptation. While recent scholarship has focused on the impact of the energy sector on climate policy, this book covers other key issues including climate finance, food security, water security, Arab 'climate urbanism', and more immediate threats to human security such as conflict and political instability. It concludes that uneven economic development and major variations in governing capacity are more important determinants of climate mitigation and adaptation policy than exposure to the biophysical impacts of climate change. Through a comprehensive analysis of the Middle East, authors in the volume explore the challenges and opportunities to advance alternative development pathways in a post-oil era. The wide-ranging and perceptive chapters are written by leading scholars, featuring mostly researchers from the region.