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The Spiritual Borderlands at the Edge of Empire
Anglican Missionaries William and Charlotte Bompas
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Description
Tracing the work of William Carpenter Bompas (1834-1906), this book explores the "spiritual borderlands" of the British-Canadian North.
Between the Alaska Purchase (1867) and the Klondike Gold Rush (1896–1898), the vast subarctic region stretching from today's Northwest Territories to the central Alaskan interior was fundamentally transformed. As the United States and British-Canadian governments expanded their reach, trappers, traders, and miners transformed the region, and the rhythms of Indigenous life changed within a generation. In this context, Bishop William Carpenter Bompas (1834-1906) and his wife and partner, Charlotte Selina Bompas (1830-1917) introduced Christianity and established missions in the rugged northern environment. Central to this book is the concept of the spiritual borderlands: a liminal space where Indigenous spirituality, Protestant theology, and imperial ambition collided-but were also negotiated. Christopher Petrakos draws on rich archival and literary sources from Great Britain, the US, and Canada to trace the Bompases' careers against the titanic changes brought about by nineteenth-century North American expansion. But this book is much more than a biography. William's work is situated in the context of the intellectual battles of a civilizational and spiritual crisis brought about by Darwinian evolutionary biology and the biblical approaches of the Higher Critics. Petrakos also situates Charlotte's intellectual career as a novelist, social critic, and incisive analyst of Indigenous women's lives on a rapidly changing frontier in the context of nineteenth-century women's writing. What emerges is a landmark study of northern missionary activity, imperial expansion, and Indigenous religious transformation at the edge of empire.
Table of Contents
Part One: William
1: Quest
2: Border Crossing, 1865-1874
3: William Bompas, Robert McDonald, and the Spiritual Borderlands at the 141st Meridian West, 1847-1869
4: Bishop, 1874–1891
Part Two: Charlotte
5: North American Corinne
6: 'Mama Bomps:' Charlotte on the Mission Field, 1874–1900
Part Three: Beyond Borders
7: Discovery
Conclusion: The Spiritual Borderlands and Beyond
Bibliography
Product details
| Published | 12 Nov 2026 |
|---|---|
| Format | Hardback |
| Edition | 1st |
| Pages | 272 |
| ISBN | 9781978716773 |
| Imprint | T&T Clark |
| Illustrations | 18 bw illus |
| Dimensions | 229 x 152 mm |
| Series | Anglican Studies |
| Publisher | Bloomsbury Publishing |
About the contributors
Reviews
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Through a compelling and detailed examination of the lives and work of William Carptenter and Charlotte Selina Bompas, The Spiritual Borderlands reconsiders cultural and spiritual transformations of the Canadian northwest during a period of rapid change. William Bompas is a well-known figure in northern history – Petrakos is the first to give serious analysis to his eccentricities and efforts among Indigenous nations balanced with long-overdue recognition of Charlotte Selina's contributions to missionary work. Examining northern societies from the ground up, this study foregrounds the contested nature of religious, spiritual, and cultural change in remote colonial settings.
Heather Green, Saint Mary's University
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The lives of William Carpenter and Charlotte Bompas have received relatively little scholarly attention, despite their tremendous impact on the Canadian North. The Spiritual Borderlands at the Edge of Empire is a very welcome contribution to this underexamined history. Christopher Petrakos skillfully situates the missionary work of William Carpenter Bompas, who was often cast as an excentric recluse, within his broader theological mindset. To this end, Petrakos contributes a sophisticated understanding of William's missions. Moreover, quite often historians lose sight of Charlotte in the shadow of William. However, Petrakos provides thoughtful analysis of Charlotte and how she viewed her place in both Victorian and northern society based on her writings.
Glenn Iceton, University of New Brunswick (Saint John)

























