TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword..........................................................................................................................................vi
CHAPTER 1: Space Is No Sanctuary.............................................................................................1
The State of Space Today.......................................................................................................2
Militarization versus Weaponization of Space....................................................................2
Space Organizations...............................................................................................................4
The Need for Space Defenses................................................................................................5
Report Organization and Methodology..................................................................................5
CHAPTER 2: The Dark Arts in Space.............................................................................................7
Kinetic Physical.......................................................................................................................7
Non-Kinetic Physical...............................................................................................................8
Electronic..................................................................................................................................8
Cyber..........................................................................................................................................9
CHAPTER 3: Space Defenses Defined..........................................................................................10
Defensive Counterspace Operations....................................................................................10
Passive Defenses....................................................................................................................11
Architectural Defenses..................................................................................................................11
Technical Defenses........................................................................................................................13
Operational Defenses.....................................................................................................................16
Active Defenses.......................................................................................................................18
Space-Based Defenses..................................................................................................................18
Terrestrial-Based Defenses...........................................................................................................20
CHAPTER 4: Space Defenses Applied..........................................................................................22
Objectives of the Attacker in Space.....................................................................................22
Objectives of the Defender in Space....................................................................................24
Matching Defenses to Threats..............................................................................................25
CHAPTER 5: Scenarios for Defensive Counterspace Operations.............................................27
Scenario 1: Russian Incursion into the Baltics...................................................................27
Scenario 2: Possible Hijacked Satellite...............................................................................30
Scenario 3: Escalating Tensions in the South China Sea..................................................31
Scenario 4: Commercial Space System Protection............................................................34
Key Takeaways.........................................................................................................................35
CHAPTER 6: Conclusions and Recommendations......................................................................37
About the Authors...........................................................................................................................40