Introduction: Splitting Differences: Conceiving of American Feminism
Part One: The Second Wave
I: Liberal Feminism, Women's Liberation, and the Emergence of Radical Feminism
1: Betty Friedan, "The Problem That Has No Name" (1963)
2: National Organization for Women, "Statement of Purpose" (1967)
3: "To the Women of the Left" (1967)
4: Anne Koedt, "Women and the Radical Movement" (1968)
5: Redstockings, "Redstockings Manifesto" (1969)
6: The Feminists, "A Political Organization to Annihilate Sex Roles" (1969)
7: New York Radical Feminists, "Politics of the Ego: A Manifesto" (1969)
8: Westchester Radical Feminists, "Statement of Purpose" (1972)
9: Aphra, "Preamble" (1969)
10: Asian Women, "This Isn't One of Those Blonds That Anyone Can Pick Up in a Supermarket" (1971)
11: Women: A Journal of Liberation, "Founding Editorial" (1970)
12: Up from Under, "Founding Editorial" (1970)
13: Robin Morgan, "Goodbye to All That" (1970)
14: Siren: A Journal of Anarcho-Feminism, "Who We Are" (1970)
15: Siren: A Journal of Anarcho-Feminism, "What the Counter-Culture Isn't Just" (1970)
16: Women of Youth Against War and Racism, "Specific Characteristics of Women's Liberation" (1970)
17: Female Liberation, "A Statement About Female Liberation" (1971)
18: A San Diego Women's Collective, "About Us" (1970)
19: Change, "Who We Are" (1972)
20: Ms., "A Personal Report from Ms." (1972)
II: Black Feminism
21: Pauli Murray, "The Negro Woman in the Quest for Equality" (1964)
22: Frances M. Beal, "Double Jeopardy: To Be Black and Female" (1970)
23: Black Sisters, "Birth Control Pills and Black Children" (1968)
24: Patricia Robinson, "Poor Black Women" (1968)
25: Charlayne Hunter, "Many Blacks Wary of 'Women's Liberation' Movement" (1970)
26: Toni Morrison, "What the Black Woman Thinks about Women's Lib" (1971)
27: Combahee River Collective, "A Black Feminist Statement" (1977)
28: Michele Wallace, "Black Macho and the Myth of the Superwoman" (1979)
29: Alice Walker, "In Search of Our Mothers' Gardens" (1974)
30: Alice Walker, Sandra Flowers, Christine Bond, and Audre Lorde, "Other Voices, Other Moods" (1979)
III: Lesbian Identities and Critiques of Heterosexuality
31: Radicalesbians, "The Woman-Identified Woman" (1970)
32: Anne Koedt, "Interview: Loving Another Woman" (1971)
33: Rita Mae Brown, "The Shape of Things to Come" (1972)
34: Peggy Kornegger, Judy Antonelli, and Marianne Rubenstein, "What Is a Lesbian?" (1977)
35: Adrienne Rich, "Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian Existence" (1980/1986)
36: Charlotte Bunch, "Speaking Out, Reaching Out" (1977–1985)
37: Anne Koedt, "The Myth of the Vaginal Orgasm" (1970)
38: Audre Lorde, "Uses of the Erotic: The Erotic as Power" (1978)
39: Susan Griffin, "Rape: The All-American Crime" (1971)
40: Barbara Mehrhof and Pamela Kearon, "Rape: An Act of Terror" (1971)
41: Angela Y. Davis, "Rape, Racism and the Myth of the Black Rapist" (1981)
IV: The Personal Is Political: Some Second-Wave Issues
42: Kathie Sarachild, "A Program for Feminist 'Consciousness Raising'" (1968)
43: Carol Hanisch, "A Critique of the Miss America Protest" (1968)
44: Valerie Solanas, "SCUM Manifesto" (1967)
45: Jayne West, "Are Men Really the Enemy?" (1970)
46: Pamela Kearon, "Man-Hating" (1970)
47: Dana Densmore, "Who Is Saying Men Are the Enemy?" (1970)
48: Susan Pascalé, Rachel Moon, and Leslie B. Tanner, "Karate as Self-Defense for Women" (1970)
49: Switchbored, "Poems and Articles" (1969)
"As I Sit Here Sharpening Pencils"
"Graveyard Meeting"
"Women Are Getting Together All Over the World"
"The Worst Thing That Ever Happened to Me"
50: Pat Mainardi, "The Politics of Housework" (1968/1970)
51: Alix Kates Shulman, "The Shulmans' Marriage Agreement" (1971)
52: Lisa Leghorn, "Child-Care for the Child" (1970)
53: Louise Gross and Phyllis MacEwan, "On Day Care" (1970)
54: Johnnie Tillmon (with Nancy Steffan), "Welfare Is a Woman's Issue" (1972)
55: Women's Health Collective, "The Male-Feasance of Health" (1970)
56: The Group II, "Are Our Doctors Pigs?" (1970)
57: Roe v. Wade, "Brief for Appellants" (1970)
58: Roe v. Wade, "Brief Amicus Curiae on Behalf of New Women Lawyers, Women's Health and Abortion Project, Inc., National Abortion Action Coalition" (1971)
59: Webster v. Reproductive Health Services, "The Historians' Brief" (1988)
60: Linda Gordon and Allen Hunter, "Sex, Family, and the New Right: Anti-Feminism as a Political Force" (1977)
61: National Organization for Women, "ERA Position Paper" (1967)
62: National Organization for Women, "ERA: Declaration of State of Emergency" (1978)
63: Gloria Steinem, "What Women Want: An Introductory Statement" (1978)
64: National Commission on the Observance of International Women's Year, "Declaration of American Women" (1977)
65: Nan Bauer-Maglin, "Journal of a Women's Course" (1975)
66: Gerda Lerner, "New Approaches to the Study of Women in American History" (1969)
67: Linda Gordon, "What Should Women's Historian Do: Politics, Social Theory, and Women's History" (1978)
68: Ellen Carol DuBois, "The Last Suffragist: An Intellectual and Political Autobiography" (1998)
Part Two: Of Continuity and Discontent: Late-Twentieth-Century Feminism
I: Feminism in a Multicultural World
69: Cherrie Moraga, "Preface to This Bridge Called My Back" (1981)
70: Merle Woo, "Letter to Ma" (1981)
71: Letty Cottin Pogrebin, "Anti-Semitism in the Women's Movement" (1982)
72: Rayna Green, "Diary of a Native American Feminist" (1982)
73: Paula Gunn Allen, "Who Is Your Mother? Red Roots of White Feminism" (1986)
74: bell hooks, "Third World Diva Girls: Politics of Feminist Solidarity" (1990)
75: Gloria Anzaldúa, "La conciencia de la mestiza/Towards New Consciousness" (1987)
76: June Jordan, "Where is the Sisterhood?" (1996)
77: United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women, "Beijing Declaration" (1995)
78: Hillary Rodham Clinton, "Remarks to the NGO Forum on Women" (1995)
79: Rebecca Adamson, Veronica Chambers, Urvashi Vaid, Mari J. Matsuda, "Getting There" (1997)
II: Pop Culture Feminism
80: National Organization for Women, "Task Force on Image of Women in Mass Medai" (1967)
81: Camille Paglia, "Madonna I and Madonna II" (1990/1991)
82: Angela Johnson, "Confessions of a Pop Culture Junkie" (1994)
83: Kathi Maio, "Film: Women Who Murder for the Man" (1991)
84: Wendy Bryan, "Xenatopia" (1998)
85: Tom Lanham, "Postmodern Sisters" (1993)
86: Claudia Dreifus, "Cokie Roberts, Nina Totenberg and Linda Wertheimer" (1994)
87: Lynda Hinkle, "The Smash! FAQ" (1998)
88: Lisa Jervis, "Imperfect Beauty" (1998)
89: Hayley Nelson, "Dating Is Tired, Marriage Is Wired" (1998)
90: Women Halting Online Abuse, "About W.H.O.A." (1998)
91: Heather Irwin, "Shouting into the Vacuum" (1998)
92: Virginia Eubanks, "A Woman's Place in Cyberspace" (1998)
93: Virginia Eubanks, "Hacking Barbie with the Barbie Liberation Organization" (1998)
94: Melissa Klein, "Duality and Redefinition: Young Feminism and the Alternative Music Community" (1997)
95: Rachel Orviro, "I Am a Girl" (1998)
96: punkgrrrl, "I Wanna Riot" (1998)
97: Cynthia, "Join the Riot" (1998)
98: Joan Morgan, "The Bad Girls of Hip-Hop" (1997)
99: Nancy Coulter, "The Lilith Fair: A Celebration of Women in Music" (1997)
100: Andrea Dworkin, "Dear Bill and Hillary" (1998)
III. Toward a Third Wave
101: Dorothy Wickenden, "What NOW? The Women's Movement Looks Beyond 'Equality'" (1986)
102: Barbara Ehrenreich, "Beyond Gender Equality: Toward the New Feminism" (1993)
103: Katha Pollitt, "Are Women Morally Superior to Men?" (1992)
104: Wendy Kaminer, "Feminism's Identity Crisis" (1993)
105: bell hooks, Gloria Steinem, Urvashi Vaid, and Naomi Wolf, "Let's Get Real About Feminism—The Backlash, the Myths, the Movement" (1993)
106: Karen Lehrman and Others, "Off Course—and Responses" (1993)
107: Susan Faludi, "I'm Not a Feminist but I Play One on TV" (1995)
108: bell hooks, "Black Students Who Reject Feminism" (1994)
109: Lisa Maria Hogeland, "Fear of Feminism: Why Young Women Get the Willies" (1994)
110: Celeste Hutchins, Christi Denton, Tamera Ferro, and Danica Nuccitelli, "Neofeminism" (1998)
111: Anastasia Higginbotham, "Shall We Dance?" (1997)
112: Rebecca Walker, "Becoming the Third Wave" (1992)
113: bell hooks, "Feminism—It's a Black Thang!" (1992)
114: Kristal Brent Zook, "A Manifesto of Sorts for a Black Feminist Movement" (1995)
115: Barbara Jones, Anita Blair, Barbara Ehrenreich, Jeanne Lewis, Arlie Russell Hochschild, and Elizabeth Perle McKenna, "Giving Women the Business: On Winning, Losing, and Leaving the Corporate Game" (1997)